An Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most significant knee injuries experienced by athletes and active individuals. Recovery requires expert assessment, structured physiotherapy and progressive rehabilitation to restore knee stability, strength and confidence. At YOS Health, London Bridge, our musculoskeletal physiotherapists guide patients through every phase of ACL rehabilitation, whether treatment involves surgery or conservative management.
What is the ACL?
The ACL is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It stabilises the joint by preventing excessive forward movement and rotation of the tibia relative to the femur during walking, running, jumping and pivoting activities.
Common Causes of ACL Injuries
- Sudden changes in direction while running
- Landing awkwardly after jumping
- Pivoting during football, rugby or basketball
- Skiing injuries
- Direct impact to the knee
- Non-contact sporting injuries
Symptoms
- A popping sensation at the time of injury
- Immediate swelling
- Difficulty bearing weight
- Knee instability
- Reduced range of motion
- Pain during movement
Diagnosis
Diagnosis includes a comprehensive physical examination, ligament stability testing and imaging such as MRI to confirm the extent of injury and identify associated meniscal or cartilage damage.
ACL Recovery Timeline
Phase 1 – Acute Injury (Weeks 0–2)
Control pain and swelling, restore knee extension, begin gentle mobility exercises and activate the quadriceps.
Phase 2 – Early Rehabilitation (Weeks 2–6)
Improve walking pattern, increase knee range of motion, strengthen surrounding muscles and restore balance.
Phase 3 – Strength & Functional Training (Weeks 6–12)
Progressive strengthening, proprioception, cardiovascular conditioning and controlled functional movements.
Phase 4 – Advanced Rehabilitation (3–6 Months)
Agility drills, jumping, landing mechanics, running progression and sport-specific training.
Phase 5 – Return to Sport (6–12 Months)
Functional testing confirms readiness before a gradual return to competitive sport.
Physiotherapy Treatment
- Manual therapy
- Progressive strengthening
- Neuromuscular training
- Balance and proprioception
- Running re-education
- Sport-specific rehabilitation
- Post-operative rehabilitation
Preventing Re-injury
- Continue strengthening exercises
- Maintain flexibility
- Improve landing mechanics
- Participate in injury prevention programmes
- Return to sport only after passing functional testing
Why Choose YOS Health London Bridge?
Our sports physiotherapists provide evidence-based ACL rehabilitation using objective outcome measures, progressive exercise programmes and return-to-sport testing to maximise recovery.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does ACL recovery take?
Most patients require between 9 and 12 months before returning to high-level pivoting sports, although recovery varies.
Can an ACL injury heal without surgery?
Some patients can be managed conservatively depending on their activity level, knee stability and rehabilitation progress.
Is physiotherapy necessary after ACL surgery?
Yes. Structured rehabilitation is essential for restoring knee function and reducing the risk of re-injury.
When can I start running?
Running is introduced only after achieving adequate strength, movement quality and clinical milestones.